What change management frameworks are used in NHS digital transformation?

Key frameworks include: Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) — understanding how interventions become embedded in routine practice; ADKAR (Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, Reinforcement) — individual change readiness; COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behaviour) — behaviour change design; and Kotter’s 8-step model for leading organisational change. These must be adapted to local culture and context. Change management is consistently identified as the critical success factor for digital transformation.