What are the five phases of design thinking in healthcare?

The five iterative phases are: Empathise (understand lived experiences through observation and interviews), Define (synthesise findings into actionable problem statements), Ideate (generate diverse solutions with multidisciplinary teams including patients), Prototype (build low-fidelity representations for rapid feedback), and Test (evaluate with real users in realistic clinical contexts). Healthcare adds unique constraints: clinical safety, regulatory compliance, time-pressured workflows, and patient vulnerability.